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2010 Summer Program

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"Water and volatiles in the earth's mantle and core"

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There was no formal structure for this part of the program, except a few talks each day, as indicated in the general summer program agenda. Following the general discussion on Friday, July 9th, five multi-disciplinary groups were formed to work on research projects. The final reports from these groups were presented in a plenary session on Friday July 16th, and are available on this page:

Group A: "Temperature in the Mantle Wedge" Participants : M.R. Agius, L. Alpert, E. Chin, H. Ford, A. Gale, P. Hall, E.A. Hamecher, P. van Keken, C. Langmuir, C.-T. Lee, A. Levander, P. Luffi, T. Plank, S. Skora, M. Spiegelman, I. Stubiailo, M. Toker, C. Wang-Ping, C. Williams, C. Wilson Presentation by group A

Group B: "Water Cycling in the Mantle." Participants: P. Barry, T. Becker, J. Crowley, J. Frost, M. Gérault, J. Girard, S. Hier-Majumder, M. Hirschman, T. Höink, M. Núñez, A. Schaeffer Presentation by group B.

Group C:"Lower Mantle Composition." Participants: A. Dziewonski, C. Houser, V. Lekic, J. Matas., S. Mukhopadhyay, B. Romanowicz Presentation by group C.

Group D: "E' layer." Participants: V. Cormier, S. Cottaar, E. Day, S. Dou, S. French, J. Irving, A. Kavner, B. McDonough, M. Panning, R. Parai, I. Rose Presentation by group D..

Group E:"F layer." Participants: M. Armentrout, A. Buono, B. Chen, S. Durand, J. Gaeman, J. Hernlund, J. Li, J. Pigott, J. Tromp, C. Waller, L. Waszek, Z. Zheng Presentation by group E.

The following papers were presented at the Fall'10 AGU, as a result of the work of these groups:

Becker, T. W.; J. W. Crowley; M. Gerault; T. Hoink; A. J. Schaeffer; P.H. Berry; J. Frost; J. Girard; M. Nunez-Valdez; M. Hirschmann; S Hier-Majumder; R. J. O'Connell (2010) Deep Water Cycle: its Role in Earth's Thermal Evolution and Plate Tectonics, Fall'2010 AGU Meeting Abstr., U43B-06.

Dziewonski, A. M.; V. Lekic; C.T. Houser; J. Matas; B.A. Romanowicz (2010b) Developing Regional Seismological Reference Models for Mineral Physics Interpretations, Fall'2010 AGU Meeting Abstr. , DI52A.

Hernlund, J W; J. Li; M.M. Armentrout; A.S. Buono; B. Chen; S. Durand; J. Gaeman; J. S. Pigott; L. Waszek; Z. Zheng (2010) Origin of the F-Layer by ``Snowfall'' in the Earth's Core, Fall 2010 AGU abstr. DI41A-1920.

McDonough, W.F.; B.A. Buffett; V.F. Cormier; S. Cottaar; E.A. Day; S. Dou; S.W. French; J.C. Irving; A. Kavner; M.P. Panning; R. Parai; I. Rose (2010) A stratified layer of light elements at the top of the outer core, Fall 2010 AGU Meeting Abstr., DI41A-1935.

And the following AGU lecture was influenced:

Chen, W. P. (2010) "Global tectonics ties rocks, quakes and volatiles in the mantle transition zone", The Francis Birch Lecture, Dec. 15, 2010, Am. Geophys. Union, 2010, San Francisco, CA.

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The following publications benefitted from or were inspired by CIDER workshops:

Billen, M. I. (2008) Modeling the Dynamics of Subducting Slabs, Annual Reviews of Earth and Planetary Science (online access), 36, 325-356, doi:10.1146/annurev.earth36.031207.124129.

Cammarano, F. and B. Romanowicz (2007) Insights into the nature of the transition zone from physically constrained inversion of long period seismic data, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., doi 10.1073/pnas.0608075104.

Chen, W. P. (2010) "Global tectonics ties rocks, quakes and volatiles in the mantle transition zone", The Francis Birch Lecture, Dec. 15, 2010, Am. Geophys. Union, 2010, San Francisco, CA.

Cormier, V.F., (2009) A glassy lowermost outer core, Geophys. J. Int., doi: 10.1111/j.1365-246X.2009.04283.x.

Cooper, K. M., John M. Eiler, Kenneth W.W. Sims, and Charles H. Langmuir, 2009, Distribution of recycled crust within the upper mantle: Insights from the oxygen isotope composition of MORB from the Australian-Antarctic Discordance, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, Q12004, DOI 10.1029/2009GC002728

Courtier, A., M. G. Jackson, Jesse F. Lawrence, Zhengrong Wang, Cin-Ty Aeolus Lee, Ralf Halama, Jessica M. Warren, Rhea Workman, Wenbo Xu, Marc M. Hirschmann, Angela M. Larson, Stan R. Hart, Carolina Lithgow-Bertelloni, Lars Stixrude, and Wang-Ping Chen (2007) Correlation of seismic and petrologic thermometers argues for deep thermal anomalies, EPSL, 264, 308-316.

Dasgupta, R.(2009). Major element and volatile heterogeneity in the Earth's mantle and generation of oceanic basalts. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 73, A265. [KEYNOTE]

Dasgupta, R., M.G. Jackson, and C.-T.A. Lee (2010). Major element chemistry of ocean island basalts - conditions of mantle melting and heterogeneity of mantle source. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 289, 377-392.

Dziewonski , A. M., Lekic, V., and Romanowicz, B. A., (2010a), Mantle Anchor Structure: An argument for bottom up tectonics, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 299, 69-79.

Gaidos, E., M. Manga, J. Hernlund, and C.P. Conrad (2010) Thermodynamic limits on magnetodynamos in rocky exoplanets, Astrophysical Journal, vol. 718, 596-609.

Green, H. W., W.-P. Chen, and M. Brudzinski (2010) Seismic evidence of negligible water carried below 400 km depth in subducting lithosphere, Nature, 467, 828-831, doi:10.1038/nature0940,.

Hernlund, J.W. and A.M. Jellinek (2010)Dynamics and structure of a stirred partially molten ultralow velocity zone, Earth Planet. Sci Lett., 296: 18, (doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2010.04.027).

Hier-Majumder S., and J. Revenaugh (2010) The relationship between the viscosity and topography of the UltraLow Velocity Zone near the core-mantle boundary, S., Earth and Planet. Sci. Lett., 299, 382-386.

Höink, T., Lee, C.-T.A., Hawthorne, J., Lenardic, A., 2008. Paleo-viscometry of magma bodies, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 267, 100-106.

Jackson, M. and R. Dasgupta (2008) Compositions of HIMU, EM1, and EM2 from global trends between radiogenic isotopes and major elements in ocean island basalts. EPSL, 276, 175-186.

Kite, E.S., and V. Lekic, Feasibility of mantle radiogenic power determination with geoneutrinos, in revision for EPSL.

Konter, J., B. Hanan, J. Blichert-Toft, A. Koppers, T. Plank, and H. Staudigel (2008), One hundred million years of mantle geochemical history suggest the retiring of the mantle plumes is premature, EPSL, vol. 275, 3-4, 285-295

Lay, T., Heinz, D., Ishii, M. Shim, S.-H., Tsuchiya, J., Tsuchiya, T., Wentzcovitch, R. and D.A. Yuen (2005) Multidisciplinary impact of the deep mantle phase transition in perovskite structure, EOS, AGU, Vol. 86, No. 1, 1-5.

Lee, C. T. and W. -P. Chen (2007) Possible density segregation of subducted oceanic lithosphere along a weak serpentinite layer and implications for compositional stratification of the Earth's mantle, EPSL, 255, 357-366.

Lee, C. T. A. Courtier, R. Halama, M. Jackson, A. M. Larson, J. Lawrence, Z. Wang, J. Warren, R. Workman, M. Hirschmann, S. Hart, L. Stixrude, C. Lithgow-Bertelloni, W. P Chen (2006) The thermal state of the Earth, Fall AGU abstract, V33D-08.

Lee, C.-T.A., Luffi, P., Hoink, T., Li, J., Dasgupta, R., Hernlund, J., 2010. Upside-down differentiation and generation of a "primordial" lower mantle, Nature, 463, 930-933.

Lee, C.-T.A., Luffi, P., Chin, E.J., 2011. Building and destroying continental mantle, Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., 39, 59-90. analysis of upper mantle structure", Earth and Planetary Science Letters, in revision,

Manga, M. (2010) Low-viscosity mantle blobs are sampled preferentially at regions of surface divergence and stirred rapidly into the mantle, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, vol. 180, 104-107.

Matyska, C and D.A. Yuen, The importance of radiative heat transfer on superplumes in the lower mantle with the new post-perovskite phase change, EPSL, 234, 71-81, 2005.

Mohit, P. S., C. L. Johnson, O. Barnouin-Jha, M. T. Zuber, S. C. Solomon (2009), Shallow Basins on Mercury: Evidence of Relaxation?Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 285, issues 3-4, 355-363

Mookherjee, M., Stixrude, L., and Karki, B (2008): Hydrous silicate melts at high pressure. Nature 452, 983-986.

Mookherjee, M. and Steinle-Neumann, G. (2009) Detecting deeply subducted crust from elasticity of hollandite, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 288, 349-358.

Mookherjee, M. and Stixrude, L. (2009) Structure and elasticity of serpentine at high-pressure. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 279, 11-19.

Mookherjee, M. and Steinle-Neumann, G. (2009) Elasticity of phase-X at high pressure, Geophysical Research Letters 36, L08307, doi:10.1029/2009GL037782

Mookherjee, M., and Karato, S. (2010) Solubility of water in pyrope-rich garnet at high pressure and temperature, Geophysical Research Letters, 37, L03310

Roberts, J. H., R. J. Lillis, and M. Manga (2009), Giant impacts on early Mars and the cessation of the Martian dynamo, Lunar Planet. Sci. Conf. XL, 1265.

Roberts, J.H., R.J. Lillis, and M. Manga (2009) Giant impacts and the cessation of the Martian dynamo, J. Geophys. Res., 114, E04009, doi:10.1029/2008JE003287.

Romanowicz, B A (2010) Cooperative Institute for Dynamic Earth Research (CIDER): Contributions to Education, Fall 2010 AGU Meeting (Invited) D44A-08.

Stixrude, L., N. de Koker, N. Sun, M. Mookherjee, B. B. Karki, Thermodynamics of silicate liquids in the deep Earth, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 278, 226-232, doi: 10.1016/j.epsl.2008.12.006, 2009.

Tseng, T.-L., and W.-P. Chen (2008) Discordant contrasts of P- and S-wave speeds across the 660-km discontinuity beneath Tibet: A case for hydrous remnant of sub-continental lithosphere, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. , 268, 450-462.

Uno, H., C. L. Johnson, B. J. Anderson, H. Korth & S. C. Solomon (2009), Mercury's Internal Magnetic Field: Constraints from Regularized Inversions, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 285, issues 3-4, 328-339.

Xu Yan, Keith D. Koper, Detection of a ULVZ at the base of the mantle beneath the northwest Pacific, GRL, 2009, doi:10.1029/2009GL039387

Xu, W. C. Lithgow-Bertelloni, L. Stixrude and J. Ritsema (2008) The effect of bulk composition and temperature on seismic structure, EPSL, 275-70-79, doi: 10.1016/j.epsl.2008.08.012

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For inquiries contact Prof. Barbara Romanowicz (barbara@seismo. berkeley.edu).

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Last update: 11 March 2011.